Finance + Contracts Mini｜数字・支払い・条項を“事故なく”運用する英語
実務で揉めるのは「英語力」ではなく、数字・範囲・期限・責任の未確定。ここは“揉めポイントだけ”を集約。
5つの確定（All-in）
① Total（総額） ② Included/Excluded（含む/含まない） ③ Timeline（期限） ④ Payment terms（支払い） ⑤ Liability（責任）
① Total（総額） ② Included/Excluded（含む/含まない） ③ Timeline（期限） ④ Payment terms（支払い） ⑤ Liability（責任）
見積（Quote）チェックリスト
total
tax
shipping
validity
scope
- Total, all-in：税・送料込み？
- Line items：項目別？（後で揉めない）
- Validity：見積の有効期限
- Assumptions：前提条件（例：現地条件）
- Out of scope：追加費用の線引き
見積で使う“確定フレーズ”
- This quote is valid for 14 days.
- The total cost is $___, excluding tax and shipping.
- This includes ___.
- This does not include ___.
- Any changes will require a change order.
危険ワード（曖昧）→安全ワード（確定）
| 危険 | 安全 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|
| ASAP | by EOD / by Friday | 期限を確定 |
| roughly | estimated at / up to | 幅を明示 |
| included | included in the price | 価格への含有 |
| free | no additional charge | “無料”の誤解回避 |
請求（Invoice）・支払い条件（Payment terms）
invoice
due date
net 30
late fee
- invoice date / due date
- Payment is due within 30 days. (net 30)
- due upon receipt
- deposit / milestone payment / final payment
- late fee / interest on overdue balances
支払いを“強く丁寧に”
- Just following up—payment is now overdue.
- Could you confirm when payment will be made?
- If we don’t receive payment by ___, we’ll have to pause work.
- Please reply with an updated timeline.
“pause work” は感情ではなく運用。
契約（Clause）頻出ミニ辞書
| 条項 | 英語 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| 免責 | limitation of liability | 責任上限 |
| 補償 | indemnification | 損害補填 |
| 守秘 | confidentiality | NDA系 |
| 解除 | termination | 終了条件 |
| 変更 | change order | 追加/変更 |
| 準拠法 | governing law | どこの法律 |
“All-in確認” 10問（これだけで事故激減）
- What’s the total cost, all-in?
- Is tax included or separate?
- Is shipping included?
- What’s included in the scope?
- What’s explicitly out of scope?
- What assumptions is this based on?
- What’s the timeline and critical path?
- What are the payment terms?
- What triggers a change order?
- Who is responsible if something fails?
ミニメール（見積→発注の確認）
Hi ___,
Thanks for the quote. Just to confirm:
• Total: $___ (tax: ___, shipping: ___)
• Scope included: ___
• Out of scope: ___
• Timeline: ___
• Payment terms: ___
Once confirmed, we’ll proceed with the PO.
Best,
___
Thanks for the quote. Just to confirm:
• Total: $___ (tax: ___, shipping: ___)
• Scope included: ___
• Out of scope: ___
• Timeline: ___
• Payment terms: ___
Once confirmed, we’ll proceed with the PO.
Best,
___
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